Do you really know the most popular forging machin

Do you really understand the forging machine tools that accompany you every day

forging press has independent power mechanism and electrical system. There are many professional factories producing stamping die bases in China, and stamping die bases have been produced and sold as standard components. However, large stamping die bases are usually special orders, which are provided to users in complete sets by the die manufacturer together with the die. When the crankshaft rotates, the cam controller sends corresponding signals, and the electronic control system sends instructions to each working mechanism after receiving the signals. What are the forging machine tools? Now let's learn about the main production processes of forging machine tools and the classification of forging machine tools

classification of forging machine tools

1. Roll forging forging machine tools

forging method in which metal blanks pass through two relatively rotating sector dies to produce plastic deformation to form workpieces. It is a special form of forming rolling (longitudinal rolling). Roll forging can be used to produce connecting rods, fried dough twist drills, wrenches, spikes, hoes, pickaxes and turbine blades. Roll forging technology uses the principle of rolling forming to gradually deform the blank. Compared with ordinary die forging, it has the advantages of simple equipment structure, stable production, low vibration and noise, easy to realize automation and high production efficiency. Roll forging is divided into two types: blank making roll forging and forming roll forging. Billet roll forging is to prepare blanks with required shape and size for die forging; Forming roll forging can directly produce forgings that meet the requirements of shape and size

2. Mechanical pressure forging machine tool

mechanical pressure forging machine tool is a forging machine that converts the rotary motion of the motor into the linear reciprocating motion of the slider through the crank slider mechanism, and forms and processes the blank. Mechanical pressure has stable operation and reliable work. It is widely used in stamping, extrusion and die forging. Later, it is also widely used in organic and powder metallurgy processes to carry forward this kind of design. The number of mechanical presses accounts for more than half of the total number of various forging machines. The specification of the mechanical press is expressed by the nominal working force (KN), which is the maximum working force designed based on the slider moving to about 10-15 mm from the bottom dead center of the stroke (or when the crank angle is about 15 ° - 30 ° from the bottom dead center)

3. Extrusion forging machine tool

hot extrusion forging machine tool is widely used to produce pipes and profiles of non-ferrous metals such as aluminum and copper, belonging to the scope of metallurgical industry. Hot extrusion of steel is used not only to produce special pipes and profiles, but also to produce solid and hole centered (through-hole or through-hole) carbon steel and alloy steel parts that are difficult to be formed by cold extrusion or warm extrusion, such as rods, barrels, containers, etc. with thick heads. The cold extrusion forging machine was originally only used to produce pipes and profiles of lead, zinc, tin, aluminum, copper, etc., as well as toothpaste hoses (tin coated lead), dry battery shells (zinc), cartridge cases (copper), etc. Cold extrusion is simple and suitable for small parts in mass production

4. Screw forging machine tool

screw forging machine tool uses screws and nuts as the transmission mechanism, and relies on screw transmission to transform the forward and reverse rotation of flywheel into the up and down reciprocating motion of slider. The screw press is usually driven by the motor through the friction disc to rotate the flywheel, so this kind of press is also known as the friction press. The largest friction press in China is 25MN. Later, it appeared to use 3 Different scope of use: metal materials, steel cables, chains, lifting belts, etc. the electric screw press, which can directly drive the flywheel with the motor of the horizontal tensile testing machine, has compact structure and few transmission links. Due to frequent commutation, it has high requirements for control appliances and requires special motors

II. Main process of forging machine tool production

working principle of forging machine tool

when the mechanical pressure machine tool works, the motor drives the large belt pulley (usually also used as flywheel) through the V-belt, and drives the crank slider mechanism through the gear pair and clutch, so that the slider and punch move downward in a straight line. After the forging work is completed, the return stroke of the slider goes up, the metal clutch is automatically disengaged, and at the same time, the automaton on the crank shaft is connected, so that the slider stops near the top dead center. When the mechanical press works, the motor drives the large pulley (usually also used as flywheel) through the V-belt, and drives the crank slider mechanism through the gear pair and clutch, so that the slider and punch move downward in a straight line. After the forging work is completed, the return stroke of the slider goes up, the clutch is automatically disengaged, and the automaton on the crankshaft is connected, so that the slider stops near the top dead center

the essence of roll forging deformation is the rolling extension of the blank, and the section of the blank becomes smaller and the length increases. When the cross-section deformation is large, several passes need to be rolled for many times. The process design is mainly to reasonably determine the reduction, widening and extension deformation of roll forging in each step. They depend on the size of the roll diameter, the shape and size of the pass, the temperature of the blank, cooling and lubrication and other deformation conditions. Some double support roll forging machines have a roll shaft extending out at one end. This is a composite roll forging machine combining cantilever and double support. It can not only realize longitudinal roll forging, but also complete horizontal widening forming at the cantilever end. In mass roll forging production, manipulator is widely used to transfer workpieces to realize the automation of production process, improve productivity and reduce labor intensity

a forging method in which the blank placed in the female die is pressurized with a punch to produce plastic flow, so as to obtain a workpiece corresponding to the mold hole or concave convex die shape. During extrusion, the blank produces three-dimensional compressive stress, and even the blank with low plasticity can be extruded. Extrusion, especially cold extrusion, has high material utilization rate, improved material structure and mechanical properties, simple operation and high productivity. It can be used to make long rod, deep hole, thin wall and special-shaped cross-section parts. It is an important less cutting process. Extrusion is mainly used for the formation of metals, but also for the formation of non-metallic materials such as plastic, rubber, graphite and clay billets

each crank slider mechanism is called a "point". In the simplest way, a new generation of concrete pressure testing machine has been developed. The single mechanical press adopts the single point type, that is, there is only one crank slider mechanism. Some large working face mechanical presses adopt two-point or four-point ones in order to make the bottom of the slider bear uniform force and move smoothly

the load of the mechanical press is impulsive, that is, the forging work time in a working cycle is very short. The short-term maximum power is more than ten times larger than the average power, so flywheel is set in the transmission system. After the motor selected according to the average power is started, the flywheel operates to the rated speed and accumulates kinetic energy. After the punch contacts the blank and starts forging, the driving power of the motor is less than the load, the speed decreases, and the flywheel releases the accumulated kinetic energy for compensation. After the forging work is completed, the flywheel accelerates again to accumulate kinetic energy for next use

there is a mechanical or electrical interlock between the clutch and brake on the mechanical press to ensure that the brake must be released before the clutch is engaged and the clutch must be disengaged before the brake is braked. The operation of mechanical press is divided into continuous, single stroke and inching (inching), most of which are achieved by controlling the clutch and brake. The stroke length of the slider remains the same, but the distance between its bottom and the working surface (called the sealing height) can be adjusted by the screw

in production, it is possible to exceed the nominal working force of the press. In order to ensure the safety of equipment, overload protection devices are often installed on the press. In order to ensure the personal safety of the operator, the press is equipped with photoelectric or two hand operated personal protection devices